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Important Parameters in Data Guard

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DB_NAME 

On a primary database, specify the name used when the database was created. On a physical standby database, use the DB_NAME of the primary database.
DB_UNIQUE_NAME 

Specify a unique name for each database. This name stays with the database and does not change, even if the primary and standby databases reverse roles.
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG

The DG_CONFIG attribute of this parameter must be explicitly set on each database in an Oracle Data Guard configuration to enable full Oracle Data Guard functionality. Set DG_CONFIG to a text string that contains the DB_UNIQUE_NAME of each database in the configuration, with each name in this list separated by a comma
CONTROL_FILES 

Specify the path name for the control files on the primary database. It is recommended that a second copy of the control file is available so an instance can be easily restarted after copying the good control file to the location of the bad control file.
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n 

Specify where the redo data is to be archived on the primary and standby systems.

• LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 archives redo data generated by the primary database from the local online redo log files to the local archived redo log files in /arch1/chicago/.

• LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 is valid only for the primary role. This destination transmits redo data to the remote physical standby destination boston.
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE 

This parameter must be set to EXCLUSIVE or SHARED if a remote login password file is used to authenticate administrative users or redo transport sessions.
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT 

Specify the format for the archived redo log files using a thread (%t), sequence number (%s), and resetlogs ID (%r).
FAL_SERVER 

Specify the Oracle Net service name of the FAL server (typically this is the database running in the primary role). When the Chicago database is running in the standby role, it uses the Boston database as the FAL server from which to fetch (request) missing archived redo log files if Boston is unable to automatically send the missing log files.
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT 

Specify the path name and filename location of the standby database data files followed by the primary location. This parameter converts the path names of the primary database data files to the standby data file path names. This parameter is used only to convert path names for physical standby databases. Multiple pairs of paths may be specified by this parameter.
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT 

Specify the location of the standby database online redo log files followed by the primary location. This parameter converts the path names of the primary database log files to the path names on the standby database. Multiple pairs of paths may be specified by this parameter.
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT 

Set to AUTO so when data files are added to or dropped from the primary database, corresponding changes are made automatically to the standby database